Exercises: 5

1. The Heart is the hollow muscular pumping organ.

2. The Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

3. The Veins carry blood towards the heart.

4. The Capillaries are tiny blood vessels designed to facilitate exchange of gases,

nutrients and wastes.

5. The heart has 4 chambers.

6. The chambers of the heart are Right atrium, Right ventricle, Left atrium and

Left ventricle.

7. Interatrial septum and Interventricular septum are the two septums of the

heart.

8. The walls of the heart are pericardium, myocardium and endocardium.

9. Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart.

10. All the arteries except the Pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood.

11. All the veins except the Pulmonary vein carries deoxygenated blood.

12. Superior vena cava drains blood from upper part of the body into the right

atrium.

13. Inferior vena cava drains blood from lower part of the body into the right

atrium.

14. The heart has 4 numbers of valves.

15. The valves of the heart are Tricuspid, bicuspid, pulmonary and aortic.

16. Tricuspid is the valve present between Right atrium and right ventricle.

17. Bicuspid valve is otherwise called as Mitral valve.

18. Pulmonary and Aortic valves are the semilunar valves.

19. The circulation of blood to the lungs from the heart and back to the heart is

called pulmonary circulation.

20. The transfer of blood to the body organs and back to the heart is called systemic

circulation.

21. Failure of the coronary circulation causes ischemic heart disease.

22. Abnormal heart sound is called a Murmur.

23. The two phases of the heart beat are systole and diastole.

24. Closure of the tricuspid and mitral valve causes lub sound

25. Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves causes dub sound.

26. Sinoatrial node is called the pacemaker of the heart.

27. Within the Interventricular septum bundle of His divides into right and left

branches, that carries the impulses to the right and left ventricles.

28. The four defects in Tetralogy of Fallot are pulmonary artery Stenosis,

ventricular septal defect, shift of the aorta to the right, and hypertrophy

of the right ventricle.

29. Myocardial infarction is commonly called as the heart attack.

30. Pericarditis is the inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the heart.

31. Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node is

called heart block.

32. Atrial Flutter is characterized by rapid, regular atrial impulses and ineffective

atrial contractions.

33. Sudden cessation of heart beat and cardiac function is called Cardiac arrest.

34. Awareness of one’s own heart beat is called Palpitation.

35. Tachycardia is increased heart rate.

36. Bradycardia is decreased heart rate.

37. Aneurysm is a localized, pathological, blood-filled dilatation of a blood vessel.

38. Abnormally swollen and twisted veins are called varicose vein.

39. Listening to the chest sounds with the help of stethoscope is called

Auscultation.

40. Holter monitoring is a compact version of the ECG worn 24 hours to record the

arrhythmias.

41. Electrocardiogram is the process of recording the electricity flowing through the

heart.

42. The restoration of the heartbeat to normal functioning by the application of

electrical shock is Cardioversion.

43. In order to keep blood moving back toward the heart, veins have valves that

prevent the backflow of blood.

44. The carotid arteries supply blood to the head and neck.

45. The pericardium has two layers namely visceral and parietal layers

46. The pericardial cavity has 10 to 15 ml of pericardial fluid

47. Blood pressure is the force that the blood exerts on the arterial walls.

48. The B.P is measured using the instrument called Sphygmomanometer.

49. The normal value of B.P is 120/80 mmhg

50. In ventricular fibrillation electrical impulses move randomly through the

ventricles.

51. An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is an electrical device that is

implanted inside the chest to sense arrhythmias.

52. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a minimally invasive treatment to treat

cardiac arrhythmias.

53. Cardiac surgeons perform an open heart operation called coronary artery

bypass grafting to treat CAD by replacing clogged vessels.

54. Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart is called endocarditis.

55. Deep vein thrombosis is a blood clot formed in a large vein, usually in a lower

limb.

56. The damaged heart muscle releases enzymes into the bloodstream called

creatine kinase.

57. Surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery is called

Endarterectomy.

58. Aorta is the largest artery in the body.

59. The Atria are the upper chambers of the heart.

60. The ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart.

61. The relaxation phase of the heartbeat is called Diastole.

62. The contractive phase of the heartbeat is called Systole.

63. The beat of the heart as felt through the walls of arteries is called the pulse.

64. A duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon

after birth, remains open in Patent ductus arteriosus.

65. The lesions that form on heart valves after damage by infection are vegetations.

66. A clot that travel to and suddenly block a blood vessel is emboli.

67. Incision of a heart valve is called Valvotomy.

68. Removal of a clot that has traveled into a blood vessel and suddenly caused

occlusion is called embolectomy.

69. Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pericardial space is called

pericardiocentesis.

70. Removal of plaque from an artery is called atherectomy.